名词性从句
考纲解读
名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目, 主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年高考试题不难发现, 连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外, 在同位语从句中, 经常考查that的用法。除此之外, 其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。同时还要弄清名词性从句与定语从句及状语从句的区别。
考点清单
考点一 主语从句
1．引导主语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether/if连接代词what，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how，whenever等。
① they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们真是亲姐妹。
② struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。
2．主语从句一般放在句首，但有时也可用it作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/shame/no wonder/no surprise等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen等)＋that从句
① side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
② our team has won the game.我们队获胜一点都不令人吃惊。
③ the meeting will be put off till next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。
考点二 宾语从句
1．引导宾语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether，if；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等；从句用陈述语序。
①Nobody entering a university knows exactly they want to study.进入大学的人中，没有人确切知道他们想学什么。
②We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
③I truly believe beauty comes from within.我确信美来自内在。
④We must find out Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。
2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find，feel，think，consider，believe，guess，suppose，make等。
He the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate，like，dislike，appreciate，enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to，depend on，rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
考点三 表语从句
1．引导表语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等；从句用陈述语序。
①Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方法来表达的。
②I'd like to start my own business－that's I'd do if I had the money.我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
2．as if/as though引导的表语从句
as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem，look，taste，sound，feel，appear等动词之后。
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was a great black blanket had been thrown over it.浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一个巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。
3．because，why引导的表语从句
because，why也可引导表语从句，但because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause(该结构常用that引导)。常用于以下句型：
This/That is/was why...这/那是……的原因This/That is/was because...这/那是因为……The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……
①From space，the earth looks blue. about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%被水覆盖。
② he didn't pass the exam he was too careless.他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。
考点四 同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。
1．常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：
advice建议 conclusion结论 demand要求
doubt怀疑 fact事实 hope希望
idea主意 information信息 message消息
news消息 order命令 possibility可能性
promise诺言 question问题 request请求
suggestion建议thought想法 plan计划
①I made a promise to myself this year，my first year in high school，would be different.我对自己承诺：今年，我高中的第一年，会有所不同。
②The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.经理提出了我们应当有一位助手的建议。要做的事情太多了。
2．引导同位语从句的连接词有：that，whether，how，where，when，why等。
①Evidence has been found through years of study children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
通过多年的研究发现：有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有可能会随着他们的成长继续下去。
②She asked a question there was a delay.她问了发生延误的原因。
③I have no idea he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回家。
[名师点津] 在同位语从句中，that，whether不作句子成分。that无实义，whether意为“是否”，if一般不引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[易错警示] 引导名词性从句时，that没有词义，在从句中不作任何成分。当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往选用that；而what引导名词性从句时，意为“什么”或“……的”，在从句中用来作主语、表语或宾语。
一
1.It is expected over 100,000 people will take part in a massive parade at Beijing’s Tian’anmen Square on the morning of Oct 1.
2.And there you can learn people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.
3.And that’s really makes the whole journey so much fun.
4.This is many people fall short: You should be washing your hands for at least 20 seconds.
5.Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said she had seen during her journey impressed her.
6.He started to write his essay, safe in the knowledge he wouldn’t be disturbed for a whole day.
7. matters to a museum is not how many visitors it has, but how close it is to people’s daily lives.
8.This is the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru will be banned, starting from Oct 26, 2019.
9.Recently researchers have come to the conclusion singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression.
10. the path of a country is the right one is a matter to be decided by its people.
11.However, she was determined not to let cancer get in the way of her doing she loved.
12. volunteer service at the museum can better cater to visitors in the future will be discussed at the seminar.
13.So if you are unsure and still wondering the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays you to make an appointment with your dietician or doctor.
14.Their advantage is they can catch fish effectively.
15. surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum.
16.Helen McCarthy, an author and expert on Japanese cartoons, explained the character is so popular.
17.He says he welcomes is interested in joining him for parts of the route.
18.Although there were no accidents, Timmis believes we should still be aware of is going on around us.
二
1.Does the name of the college you attend really matter? ... What students do at college seems to matter much more than they go.
2.I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
3.By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.
4.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she was heading.
5.Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
6.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.
7.It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
8.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.
9.The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
10.Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
11.We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
12.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.
13.[I truly believe beauty comes from within.
14. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
15. Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.
16.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ships are built for.
三
单句语法填空
1．The happiest people enjoy each age gives them.
2．only you know is best for you.
3．My mother knew where we were at all times.She knew our friends were.
4．I had no idea of a stage manager actually did.
5．Experts aren't still sure exactly how dreams work，but what is certain is they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone has dreams.
6． astonishes us is that AlphaGo defeated the human champion.
7．They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways， they are too serious and too strict with their children，and that they seldom give their children freedom.
8．When you are reading，make a note of you think is of great importance.
9．His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out it is that he is trying to express.
10．If you are going to kill the snake，you have to get close to the head is and cut it off.
四
单句改错
1．What honesty is more important than money is true.
2．They made a promise which they would come again to see the elderly whenever they were free.
3．That he said so many years ago is still true today in the age of information.
4．The problem is if we will go there by train.
5．I wonder if or not we should make it clear that we've lost this game.
五
Experiences are acquired through our journey in life; we choose 1 we believe and 2 we look at things and people around us based on all our experiences in life. Despite the fact 3 things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions about everything and everybody. Other people have opinions about us as well. But 4 really matters is the opinion we have about ourselves. You choose to accept and follow what other people believe, but you can also decide 5 you want to become yourself and live according to the reality of life.
By living life as it is and being yourself, you create an image about 6 you value most and 7 you admire most. You should remember 8 important it is to be yourself. The image that you create about yourself determines 9 you are and how you feel; it determines how successful you become in life and remind you 10 you are standing in life.
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